We are professional cold works D2 tool steel supplier for more than two decades. We supply AISI / ASTM A681 cold works D2 tool steels alloy steel materials in reliable quality and for attractive price for sale. We have deep knowledge of D2 tool steel’s chemical composition and properties. Contact us for any D2 tool steel materials demands.
Cold Works D2 tool steel is a high carbon, high chromium tool steel (12% chrome) with extremely high wear resisting properties, heat treatable to 60-62 Rc. D2 steel is very wear resistant but not as tough as lower alloyed steels. D2 tool steel hardens in air with a low order of movement and offers a measure of corrosion resistance when polished. The high percentage of chromium gives it mild corrosion-resisting properties in the hardened condition. The mechanical properties of D2 are very sensitive to heat treatment. D2 steel is available in de-carb free rounds, flats, and squares, as well as ground flat stock and drill rod.
1. Supply Range of D2 Tool Steel
D2 Tool Steel Round Bar: diameter 8mm – 350mm
D2 Steel Plate: thickness 2mm –300mm x width 200mm – 800mm
D2 Steel Slab: 200mm x 500-800mm
Surface Finish: Black, Rough Machined, Turned or as per given requirements.
2. Relevant D2 Steel Specifications
| Country | USA | German | Japan |
| Standard | ASTM A681 | DIN EN ISO 4957 | JIS G4404 |
| Grades | D2 | 1.2379/X153CrMo12 | SKD11 |
3. D2 Tool Steel Chemical Composition
| ASTM A681 | C | Mn | P | S | Si | Cr | V | Mo | ||||||
| D2 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 0.1 | 0.6 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.1 | 0.6 | 11 | 13 | 0.5 | 1.1 | 0.7 | 1.2 |
| DIN ISO 4957 | C | Mn | P | S | Si | Cr | V | Mo | ||||||
| 1.2379/X153CrMo12 | 1.45 | 1.6 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.1 | 0.6 | 11 | 13 | 0.7 | 1 | 0.7 | 1 |
| JIS G4404 | C | Mn | P | S | Si | Cr | V | Mo | ||||||
| SKD11 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 0.6 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.4 | 11 | 13 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 1.2 | ||
4. AISI Grade D2 Steel Mechanical Properties
| Mechanical Properties | Metric | Imperial |
| Hardness, Knoop (converted from Rockwell C hardness) | 769 | 769 |
| Hardness, Rockwell C | 62 | 62 |
| Hardness, Vickers | 748 | 748 |
| Izod impact unnotched | 77.0 J | 56.8 ft-lb |
| Poisson’s ratio | 0.27-0.30 | 0.27-0.30 |
| Elastic modulus | 190-210 GPa | 27557-30457 ksi |
Thermal Properties
|
Properties |
Conditions | ||
|
T (°C) |
Treatment |
||
| Thermal expansion | 10.4 x 10-6/ºC | 20-100 |
– |
5. AISI/ASTM A681 D2 Grade Steel Forging
Heating for forging of AISI D2 tool steel should
be done slowly and uniformly. Soak through at 1850°-1950°F and reheat as often
as necessary, stopping work when the temperature drops below 1700°F(926°C). After D2
die steel forging, cool slowly in lime, mica, dry ashes or furnace. AISI D2 steel
should always be annealed after forging.
6. D2 Tool Steel Heat Treatment
ASTM D2 steels alloy should be preheated very slowly to 815℃ (1500°F) and then temperature can be increased to 1010oC (1850°F). They are then held at 1010oC (1850°F) for 20 to 45 minutes and air cooled (air quenched).
- Annealing
Annealing of D2 tool steels material should be done at 871 to 898°C (1600 to 1650°F) followed by slow furnace cooling at 4.4°C (40°F) per hour or less.after which cooling rate may be increased. Suitable precautions must be taken to prevent excessive carburization or decarburization.
- Stress Relieving
When desirable to relieve the strains of machining, heat D2 grade steel slowly to 1050°-1250°F, allow to equalize, and then cool in still air (Strain Relieving).
- Preheat Prior To Hardening
Preheat slowly to 1350°-1450°F and hold at this temperature until grade steel D2 material is uniformly heated.
- Hardening
After thorough preheating, heat to 1800°-1850°F. Hold the work piece at the hardening temperature until it is completely and uniformly heated.
- Quenching
AISI D2 steel tool material is an air hardening steel and will develop hardness on cooling in still air. To avoid scaling and prevent decarburization of the work piece surface, controlled atmosphere or vacuum furnaces are recommended. If these furnaces are not available, pack hardening, salt baths or wrapping the piece in stainless steel foil will provide some degree of surface protection in the hardening process. Parts should be allowed to cool to 150F, or to where they can be held in the bare hand, and then temper immediately.
- Tempering
The tempering temperature on material D2 steel may be varied according to the desired hardness. D2 steels can be tempered at 204°C (400°F) for achieving Rockwell C hardness of 61 and at 537°C (1000°F) for a Rockwell C hardness of 54.
7. D2 Tool Steel Material Application
AISI grade D2 tool steels are used for long run tooling applications, where wear resistance is important, such as blanking or forming dies and thread rolling dies.
Some main applications for D2 tool steel are as below:
Blanking Dies, Forming Dies, Coining Dies, Slitting Cutters, Heading Tools, Long Punches, Forming Rolls, Edging Rolls, Master Tools, Beading Rolls, Intricate Punches, Extrusion Dies, Drawing Dies, Lamination Dies, Thread Rolling Dies, Shear Blades, Burnishing Tools, Gauges, Knurls, Wear Parts.
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